Research
Publications
Peer-reviewed research underpinning Petragen’s therapeutic platform in ENPP1 biology and pathological mineralization.
- Catalysis-independent ENPP1 protein signaling regulates mammalian bone mass Demonstrates that ENPP1 regulates bone mass through catalysis-independent protein signaling pathways, uncovering a dual role for ENPP1 beyond its enzymatic function and providing the mechanistic basis for Petragen's platform.
- Counter-regulatory phosphatases TNAP and NPP1 temporally regulate tooth root cementogenesis Defines how TNAP and NPP1 act as counter-regulatory phosphatases to control cementum formation on tooth roots, directly informing Petragen's approach to periodontal regeneration.
- Hypophosphatasia-associated deficiencies in mineralization and gene expression in cultured dental pulp cells obtained from human teeth Demonstrates that hypophosphatasia disrupts mineralization and odontoblast gene expression in human dental pulp cells, connecting ENPP1/pyrophosphate biology to the HPP dental phenotype.
- Central role of pyrophosphate in acellular cementum formation Establishes pyrophosphate as the central regulator of acellular cementum formation, showing that cementoblasts actively tune local PPi levels to control mineralization on tooth root surfaces.
- Correction of hypophosphatasia-associated mineralization deficiencies in vitro by phosphate/pyrophosphate modulation in periodontal ligament cells Shows that correcting the phosphate/pyrophosphate ratio rescues mineralization in HPP periodontal ligament cells, supporting the therapeutic rationale for modulating ENPP1 activity in periodontal disease.
- Hypercementosis associated with ENPP1 mutations and GACI Supports the biological connection between ENPP1 dysfunction and cementum accumulation in human GACI patients, helping frame the rationale for periodontal regeneration.
- Genetic and pharmacologic modulation of cementogenesis via pyrophosphate regulators Provides direct evidence that genetic and pharmacologic modulation of pyrophosphate regulators influences cementogenesis, validating the target mechanism for Petragen's periodontal program.